Abstract: This letter presents the body-of-revolution finite-difference time-domain (BOR-FDTD) method based on Newton’s equation and incorporating the auxiliary differential equation (ADE) technique ...

Abstract: We apply the innovations method to Viterbi decoding of convolutional codes. First, we calculate the covariance matrix of the innovation (i.e., the soft-decision input to the main decoder in ...

Managing your inbox is a never-ending task, which is why we should seek to simplify it as much as possible. When emails pile up, you start overthinking what you need to do—I know I do, anyway. But if ...

Discover a fast and powerful calculus-based method for finding square roots with impressive accuracy. This explanation shows how derivatives and iterative approximation can be used to quickly zero in ...