This study presents SynaptoGen, a differentiable extension of connectome models that links gene expression, protein-protein interaction probabilities, synaptic multiplicity, and synaptic weights, and ...

What if artificial intelligence could turn centuries of scientific literature—and just a few lab experiments—into a smarter, ...

The first part of an end-of-the-year review of LCGC International’s editorial coverage of HPLC 2025, which took place in Bruges from 19–23 June 2025 .

Abstract: In this article, we explore the use of gradient-based optimization algorithms for automated bias control in Mach–Zehnder modulators (MZMs). We present and demonstrate, experimentally, five ...

As semiconductor technologies advance, device structures are becoming increasingly complex. New materials and architectures introduce intricate physical effects requiring accurate modeling to ensure ...

Abstract: This paper presents an extended gradient-based optimization framework for optimal control problems governed by general conformable fractional derivatives (GCFDs), which unify various ...

Washington, D.C.—The nonprofit Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine, which promotes the use of human-based research to improve health and replace animal use, enthusiastically supports the U.S ...

This study introduced an efficient method for solving non-linear equations. Our approach enhances the traditional spectral conjugate gradient parameter, resulting in significant improvements in the ...