Abstract: Modular multiplication (MM) involves multiplication and modular reduction. In this brief, we explore an area-efficient modular reduction for MM on FPGA. We analyze and compare the equivalent ...

It was dark and silent, with a chill in the air, as an army of police vehicles blue-lighted their way through the city, headed for one destination. If you told me at 6.20am that Merseyside Police were ...

George Orwell once wrote that restating the obvious is the “first duty of intelligent people.” In that vein, allow us to restate the case for what may be literacy instruction’s richest but ...

Model making is a great hobby, but knowing how and where to start is another story. It can be overwhelming for novices: Injection-molded plastic models have been on the market for close to a century, ...

Flee Kieselhorst, an LGBTQ professional photographer and single mother, and her child Pickle in the home they purchased through Artists Space Trust. (Photo by C. Wagner Photography) This is your first ...

OpenAI researchers say they’ve discovered hidden features inside AI models that correspond to misaligned “personas,” according to new research published by the company on Wednesday. By looking at an ...

An artificial intelligence safety firm has found that OpenAI's o3 and o4-mini models sometimes refuse to shut down, and will sabotage computer scripts in order to keep working on tasks. When you ...

Chain-of-thought (CoT) prompting is an increasingly popular approach to artificial intelligence (AI) training that boosts models’ reasoning capabilities. The technique prompts large-language models, ...

OpenAI on Monday launched a new family of models called GPT-4.1. Yes, “4.1” — as if the company’s nomenclature wasn’t confusing enough already. There’s GPT-4.1, GPT-4.1 mini, and GPT-4.1 nano, all of ...