Abstract: In a non-cooperative communication environment, automatic modulation classification (AMC) is an essential technology for analyzing signals and classifying different kinds of signal ...
Individuals with chronic opioid use, whether addicted or not, show heightened learning from negative reinforcement, suggesting that avoidance behavior may underlie both the development and persistence ...
Abstract: Stochastic processes (SPs) are widely used in many real-world fields, especially AI algorithms and models. A discrete-time Markov chain (DTMC) is a fundamental SP where the probability of ...
The hair follicle is a highly dynamic mini-organ that undergoes cyclic phases of growth, regression, and rest. The anagen ...
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