Abstract: In a paper by Willems et al., it was shown that persistently exciting data can be used to represent the input-output behavior of a linear system. Based on this fundamental result, we derive ...

Caroline Banton has 6+ years of experience as a writer of business and finance articles. She also writes biographies for Story Terrace. Suzanne is a content marketer, writer, and fact-checker. She ...

Claire Boyte-White is the lead writer for NapkinFinance.com, co-author of I Am Net Worthy, and an Investopedia contributor. Claire's expertise lies in corporate finance & accounting, mutual funds, ...

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